When an industry migrates the whole supply chain leaves and the workers left behind are not unskilled but stranded

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Skills mismatch as a macro cause: what the education system produces has little to do with what employers list Regional mismatch: the jobs are in Shenzhen and the workers are in the northeast and moving costs more than the wage gap Four thousand coal miners cannot code and that gap is textbook structural unemployment How a shortfall in aggregate demand turns into layoffs: orders drop in spring and headcount falls by autumn A whole industry shrinking and a single employer failing produce different kinds of joblessness even at the same headcount How currency swings and export order books translate into factory hiring and firing Offshoring labour-intensive stages of production moves the jobs out along with the work Structural unemployment is the hardest to treat because vacancies and workers sit in the same economy and never meet How much does a minimum wage increase actually cut hiring for low-skill entry-level jobs Austerity suppresses investment and the unemployment rate keeps climbing well after recovery starts