One career-long jobless spell versus a person who is out of work every second winter

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Is underemployment a type of unemployment: working twenty hours a week is not the same as working none A whole industry shrinking and a single employer failing produce different kinds of joblessness even at the same headcount A first-time entrant with no work history is a different unemployment type from a re-entrant who was laid off Waiting six months for a job that fits your training is voluntary unemployment by most definitions The group almost nobody counts: people who gave up looking are not unemployed in the official statistics Unemployment caused by unpaid caregiving is not the same animal as unemployment caused by a plant closure Unemployment duration balloons in the first year of a recession and stays high after output recovers Long spells of joblessness stop being a duration problem and turn into a skills-atrophy problem Structural unemployment takes a generation to work through because whole careers have to be rebuilt Voluntary versus involuntary unemployment: one is turning down work and the other is being turned down