Unemployment among youth / graduates / women / over-50s is not one problem wearing four labels

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A first-time entrant with no work history is a different unemployment type from a re-entrant who was laid off Entry-level adverts that demand three years of experience shrink the pool of hires Graduating into a long jobless spell lowers earnings a decade later A whole industry shrinking and a single employer failing produce different kinds of joblessness even at the same headcount The group almost nobody counts: people who gave up looking are not unemployed in the official statistics Firms reject overqualified graduates as flight risks which stretches the search out Getting a first job at 19 depends more on who your parents know than on your grades One career-long jobless spell versus a person who is out of work every second winter Graduate schemes close applications ten months before the start date so timing decides who gets in Is underemployment a type of unemployment: working twenty hours a week is not the same as working none