Undocumented workers avoid surveyors and benefit offices so their joblessness is never recorded

Popularity Index: 8 Updated at 2026-10-23 04:07 UTC

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The hukou system keeps rural migrant workers statistically tied to the land Discouraged workers who stop looking after a year drop out of the unemployment count entirely One hour of work last week is enough to be counted as employed in the household survey Farm households with five adults sharing one plot are jobless in substance yet never surveyed Going back to school full-time removes a jobless worker from the labor force count Discouraged workers are not counted as unemployed and the measurement rule produces that gap Gradualism works — until the problem outruns the timetable Compensating the losers: the price tag every serious reform forgets Are informal roles like family caregiver and formal roles like manager the same kind of thing? Corporate philanthropy is often cheaper than paying taxes

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