Energy conservation holds exactly in classical mechanics but bends in general relativity when the universe expands

Popularity Index: 3 Updated at 2026-10-12 14:33 UTC

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Faraday's law of induction underlies generators and explains why a changing magnetic field drives a current The second law of thermodynamics says entropy increases in a closed system — which is why perpetual motion machines stay impossible From Eternity to Here makes entropy the only reason time has a direction Why the Big Bang does not tell us what happened before it Entropy increase gives time its arrow — so most other physical laws look the same run backwards Planck's law of blackbody radiation fixed the ultraviolet catastrophe and gave quantum theory its opening Noether's theorem connects every continuous symmetry to a conservation law Newton's inverse square law of gravity breaks down near Mercury and inside strong fields where general relativity takes over Optical laws like Snell's law in reflection and refraction are the short-wavelength limit of wave behavior Hubble's law relates galactic recession to distance — and its constant is still disputed

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