Scientific disciplines - Topics

What is the newest branch of science to have formed in the last thirty years? Is applied science a science because of its methods or only because of its problems? Why do outlines of science keep adding new top level categories every decade? Is statistics an independent discipline or a branch of mathematics? Why do branches of science split as a field matures and its methods diversify? Is biochemistry a branch of biology or of chemistry? Which disciplines are currently splitting into two - and what drives the split? What are the main divisions of science and how do they relate to each other? Where do applied science departments sit in university structures - inside engineering or standing alone? Where do computer science and data science belong in a traditional map of science? When does a new research area stop being a subfield and become an independent discipline? Prize committees skip entire fields: no Nobel for mathematics or geology or ecology Being interdisciplinary: a field of its own or just a meeting point of disciplines? Why do citation patterns reveal discipline boundaries better than department names do? How do interdisciplinary fields become disciplines in their own right over time? Why is neuroscience treated as separate from both biology and psychology? What exactly falls under applied science compared with engineering and pure science? Is applied science a real discipline or just a label for work aimed at a practical target? Where does mathematics sit in an outline of science - formal tool or full member? Is an outline of science just a list of fields or does it need a hierarchy? Why does every field eventually claim it needs its own department and journals? Can a two author paper bridging physics and economics count as interdisciplinary research? Does a discipline need its own theory or just its own methods and journals? What does it take for a discipline to be listed in a national subject catalogue? How do funding agencies decide which disciplines get their own review panels? How do researchers decide which discipline a borderline paper should be submitted to? Is the distinction between pure and applied science about content or just about who pays? How do you draw the boundary between two neighbouring disciplines that share methods? How do you train a graduate student to be fluent in two disciplines at once?